Research institute
Economics of Inequality

Petra Sauer, PhD

Contact details

Personal details

Petra Sauer is Assistant Professor in the division of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Research at the University of Fribourg, and senior researcher at the Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU). She was (LIS)²ER Tony Atkinson Research Fellow at the Luxembourg Institute of Socio-economic Research (LISER) and the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) where she has contributed to strengthening the integration of research on social stratification, education, and the labour market within the institutes’ research agendas. In her research, she focuses on social inequality, its dynamics across time and contexts, and its underlying mechanisms, with a particular emphasis on (higher) education and labour market outcomes. Her research has been published, among others, in the International Journal of Comparative Sociology and the Review of Income and Wealth.

Publications

Journal article

2017	Sauer, Petra. 2017. Von der Bildung für Eliten zur Ausbildung für Alle. Read more
2017	Sauer, Petra, Hauer, Gerlinde, Hofmann, Barbara. 2017. Digitalisierung hat (k)ein Geschlecht. Read more
2015	Crespo Cuaresma, Jesus, Sauer, Petra. 2015. Teach your children well: The dynamics of the distribution of educational attainment in Europe. Read more
2014	Sauer, Petra, Zagler, Martin. 2014. (In)equality of Education and Economic Growth. Read more
2012	Sauer, Petra, Zagler, Martin. 2012. Economic Growth and the Quantity and Distribution of Education: A Survey. Read more
2010	Sauer, Petra, Völkerer, Petra. 2010. Bildung und Demokratie: Schafft Bildung sozialen Zusammenhalt. Read more

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Name	Purpose	Lifetime	Provider
CookieConsent	Saves your consent to using cookies.	30 days	WU
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hjActiveViewportIds	Stores user active viewports IDs. Stores an expirationTimestamp that is used to validate active viewports on script initialization.	session	Hotjar
_hjSession_	Holds current session data. Ensures subsequent requests in the session window are attributed to the same session.	30 minutes	Hotjar
_hjSessionTooLarge	Causes Hotjar to stop collecting data if a session becomes too large. Determined automatically by a signal from the server if the session size exceeds the limit.	1 hour	Hotjar
_hjSessionResumed	Set when a session/recording is reconnected to Hotjar servers after a break in connection.	session	Hotjar
_hjCookieTest	Checks to see if the Hotjar Tracking Code can use cookies. If it can, a value of 1 is set. Deleted almost immediately after it is created.	session	Hotjar
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_hjIncludedInPageviewSample	Set to determine if a user is included in the data sampling defined by your site's pageview limit.	2 minutes	Hotjar
_hjIncludedInSessionSample_	Set to determine if a user is included in the data sampling defined by your site's daily session limit.	2 minutes	Hotjar
_hjAbsoluteSessionInProgress	Used to detect the first pageview session of a user.	30 minutes	Hotjar
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Name	Purpose	Lifetime	Provider
test_cookie	Is set as a test to check whether the browser allows cookies to be set. Does not contain any identification features.	15 minute	Google
IDE	Contains a randomly generated user ID. Using this ID, Google can recognize the user across different websites across domains and display personalized advertising.	1 year	Google
_gcl_au	Contains a randomly generated user ID.	90 day	Google
_gcl_aw	This cookie is set when a user clicks on a Google ad on the website. It contains information about which ad was clicked.	90 day	Google
xs	Used to maintain a Facebook session. It works in combination with the c_user cookie to authenticate the user's identity on Facebook.	1 year	Facebook
fr	Used to serve advertisements and measure and improve their relevance.	90 day	Facebook
m_pixel_ratio	Performance cookie used by Facebook with Facebook pixels.	session	Facebook
wd	Used for analysis purposes. Technical parameters are logged (e.g. aspect ratio and dimensions of the screen) so that Facebook apps can be displayed correctly.	7 day	Facebook
dpr	Used for analysis purposes. Technical parameters are logged (e.g. aspect ratio and dimensions of the screen) so that Facebook apps can be displayed correctly.	7 day	Facebook
sb	Used to save browser details and Facebook account security information.	2 year	Facebook
dbln	Used to save browser details and Facebook account security information.	2 year	Facebook
spin	Cookie for advertising purposes and reporting on social campaigns.	session	Facebook
presence	Contains the "Chat" status of a logged in user.	1 month	Facebook
x-referer	Performance cookie that is used by Facebook in combination with Facebook pixels.	session	Facebook
cppo	Cookie for statistical purposes.	90 day	Facebook
datr	Identifies the browser for security and website integrity purposes, including account recovery and identification of potentially compromised accounts.	2 year	Facebook
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li_fat_id	This cookie is an indirect member identification that is used for conversion tracking, retargeting and analysis.	30 day	LinkedIn
li_sugr	This cookie is used to determine probabilistic matches of the identity of a user.	90 day	LinkedIn
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BizographicsOptOut	This cookie is used to determine the rejection status for tracking by third-party providers.	10 year	LinkedIn
lidc	This cookie makes it easier to select LinkedIn's data center.	24 hours	LinkedIn
aam_uuid	This cookie is used for ID synchronization with Adobe Audience Manager.	30 days	LinkedIn
AMCV_XXX_at_AdobeOrg	This cookie contains a unique identifier for the Adobe Experience Cloud.	180 days	LinkedIn
li_mc	This cookie is used as a temporary cache. It is used to have the user's consent information from the database available client side.	2 years	LinkedIn
lang	This cookie stores the language settings of a user. This ensures that the LinkedIn.com website appears in the language selected by the user.	session	LinkedIn
twll	This cookie is set when X is embedded on the page. X collects data that is mainly used for tracking and targeting.	4 year	X
secure_session	This cookie is set when X is embedded on the page. E.g. X's like or sharing functions.	14 year	X
guest_id	This cookie is set by X when a visitor shares content from the WU website on X.	2 year	X
personalization_id	This cookie is set by X to measure the performance of X advertising campaigns in a user's browsers and devices	2 year	X
remember_checked	This cookie is set by when X is embedded on the page. X collects data that is mainly used for tracking and targeting.	4 year	X
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mbox	This cookie is intended for identifying X users, for analyzing interaction with the X Service and advertising whitin the service.	2 years	X
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external_referer	This cookie collects statistical data, including how often you visit X and how long a user stays on X.	1 day	X
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1P_JAR	This Google cookie is used to optimize advertising, to provide ads that are relevant to users, to improve reports on campaign performance or to prevent a user from seeing the same ads multiple times.	1 month	YouTube
CONSENT	This cookie is used to support Google's advertising services.	20 year	YouTube
OTZ	Aggregated analysis of website visitors.	17 day	YouTube